Coffee Basics: A comprehensive guide to the basics of coffee

The origin of coffee

Coffee is a beverage made from ground coffee beans that originated in Africa. As the legend goes, a shepherd named Kaldi discovered the coffee tree. He noticed that his sheep became unusually active after eating the berries of the coffee tree. So he tried boiling the berries and drinking them. This story sparked an exploration of coffee's potential.

Main types

The two main coffee varieties commonly found on the market today are Arabica and Robusta.

Arabica

Arabica is the most common and popular coffee variety. It has low acidity and bitterness, a smooth taste and rich aroma. Arabica is grown in high altitude areas such as Colombia, Brazil and Ethiopia.

Robusta

Robusta is easier to grow and more adaptable than Arabica. It has a stronger taste, with higher acidity and bitterness. Robusta is mainly produced in Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil.

Coffee roasting

After growing, coffee beans need to be roasted to make coffee for drinking. During the roasting process, the coffee beans will undergo steps such as color change, water evaporation, and internal chemical reactions.

Light roast

Light roasting usually retains the characteristics of the original coffee beans, with higher acidity and floral aroma. This roasting method is suitable for people who like light taste and bright flavor.

Medium Roast

Medium roasting is the most common and popular method. It retains a certain acidity while adding sweetness and rich taste, making the coffee more balanced.

Deep Show

Deep roasting means that the coffee beans are completely fried, which produces a strong bitter and caramel flavor. This roasting method is suitable for people who like a strong taste and a balance of bitterness and sweetness.

How to brew coffee

Coffee brewing is a key step in making a good cup of coffee. Here are a few common brewing methods:

Trickle

Drip is the most common and easiest brewing method. Simply put the ground coffee into the filter paper and then slowly pour boiling water over it.

French Press

The French press makes espresso by mixing water with ground coffee and applying pressure. It extracts more flavors and makes the taste richer.

Espresso

Espresso uses high-pressure steam to create a cup of coffee that is exceptionally flavorful, creamy, and topped with fine milk foam through tight packing and careful layering.

Summarize

Coffee is a popular drink with a wide variety of types and roasting methods. Understanding the basics of coffee, including its origin, main types, roasting and brewing methods, can help us better appreciate and enjoy coffee.