A collection of various coffee making utensils and production principles, there is always one that suits you!

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There are many ways to make coffee. We will focus on several common brewing methods:

■ Filter Coffee: The most popular coffee brewing method among coffee lovers, there are numerous ways to brew coffee. The general method is to put medium-ground coffee powder into filter paper (or flannel), slowly pour hot water into the center of the coffee powder, extend it to the surrounding, sweep it in circles, and then return to the center from the surrounding. The water flow should be uniform. After soaking the coffee powder in hot water, drip it into the sharing pot to complete the extraction. Each cup of coffee uses about 15-20 grams of coffee powder, and the hot water needs to be 85-93℃ hot water.

Difficulty level: ★★★★

Playability index: ★★★★★

Flavor acquisition: ★★★★★

Minimum price: less than 200

Equipment needed: hand brewing pot, filter cup, sharing pot, thermometer, grinder

The key to hand brewing: steaming

If the steaming is omitted in the initial step of hand brewing, a large amount of hot water will pass through the powder layer through a few local channels, which will prolong the dripping time and may lead to over-extraction. Because the extraction time is longer, more substances are dissolved, and the taste may be more sour and irritating, or full of mixed flavors. However, once you pay attention to the steaming action before officially pouring water, the hot water can pass through the filter layer composed of coffee powder uniformly, thus achieving the purpose of uniform extraction.

Production steps:

1. Unfold the filter paper and put it into the hand brewing cup, then add the coffee powder;

2. Pour water into the coffee powder for the first time to wet it completely and steam it for 30-40 seconds;

3. The second water injection is injected from the center, slowly circling outward to the edge of the filter paper but not onto the filter paper, continue circling inward in the same direction to the center point, and stop injecting water;

4. After an interval of 30-40 seconds, repeat the third step above.

5. Wait for 30-40 seconds and repeat the third step above.

6. Wait until all the water in the hand-brew cup drips into the coffee pot, remove the hand-brew cup and drink the coffee.

When making hand-brewed coffee, pay attention to smelling the coffee's moist aroma and noticing changes in aroma. The prepared coffee should be warmed before drinking to prevent it from cooling quickly and causing a change in taste.

■ Moka Maker: It is a type of distillation method. The coffee brewed in a Moka Maker has a calm concentration and aroma. The Moka Maker is divided into two parts, the lower part. The water is boiled in the lower part of the pot. When the water boils, due to the pressure of the steam, the boiling water rises through the filter containing coffee powder and reaches the upper part of the pot. When the coffee begins to flow to the upper part of the pot, the fire needs to be turned down, because too high a temperature will make the coffee burn and destroy its original flavor. The common Japanese siphon brewing method (syphon pot) also uses the same principle of thermal siphon. I personally do not recommend brewing in a Moka pot. The Moka pot does have a greater impact on the flavor, and brewing fine beans is a waste of food.

Difficulty level: ★★☆

Playability index: ★★☆

Flavor acquisition: ★★

Minimum price: less than 200

Equipment needed: Moka pot, grinder (or buy coffee powder directly)

Production principle:

The mocha pot uses dark roasted coffee beans for brewing. The lower pot is filled with hot water, which is heated on the stove. The pressurized steam passes directly through the coffee powder and extracts the inner essence of the coffee. The steam evaporated by the boiling hot water will use the air pressure to push the hot water through the duct of the coffee container in the lower pot, through the coffee powder, and filter out the fragrant coffee in the upper pot.

Moka pot operation method and process:

Step 1: Hand brewing pot, moka pot, bean grinder, coffee beans, coffee spoon, and dry towel.

Step 2: Heat the water in the brew kettle until boiling.

Step 3: Adjust the grinder scale to medium-fine grinding.

Step 4: Place the base of the moka pot on a towel and fill it with hot water to submerge the safety valve.

Step 5: Install the powder bin bowl.

Step 6: Fill the space with freshly ground coffee powder and use a towel to insulate.

Step 7: Install the upper seat and tighten it to prevent steam leakage.

Step 8: Place the Moka pot on a heat source to heat it, such as a gas stove, induction cooker, or bar stove.

Step 9: Observe the coffee hole on the upper seat to ensure that the coffee is extracted normally and smoothly.

Step 10: Place the finished moka pot on a semi-dry towel or coaster.

Step 11: The Moka Pot completes a delicious cup of concentrated coffee.

■ Espresso Machine: Coffee is an extremely unstable liquid that can change its characteristics and taste in an instant. This is the main reason why the espresso machine was invented. The espresso machine can extract several cups of coffee continuously. The high pressure during the brewing process can emulsify and dissolve the oil and colloid in the coffee beans. The essence of the coffee beans is completely extracted through pressure, making the brewed coffee more concentrated and more mellow in taste and aroma.

Difficulty level: ★★★★★

Lowest price: 1000+ for home use, 5000+ for commercial use

Equipment required: Italian coffee machine, Italian bean grinder and a series of supporting equipment

Production principle:

Italian espresso: 7g to 10g of powder is extracted by 92-degree water under 9 atmospheres for 25 to 30 seconds to obtain 30ml of coffee. The 30ml of coffee obtained is called Espresso.

■ Siphon: There are two ways to brew coffee in a siphon. One is to put the coffee powder into the upper funnel first, then add water to the lower pot, and then put the funnel mouth tightly into the pot mouth, boil the water, and when the boiling water goes deep into the funnel, stir and soak for about 40 to 60 seconds, then turn off the heating device. When the coffee drops back into the pot, you can remove the funnel and pour out the coffee to drink. The other is to boil water first, wait for the water to enter the upper pot, then pour the coffee powder into the upper pot, stir and soak for about 40 to 60 seconds, turn off the heating device, wait for the coffee to flow back into the lower pot, then remove the funnel and pour out the coffee to drink.

Difficulty level: ★★★★

Playability index: ★★★★☆

Flavor acquisition: ★★★★☆

Minimum price: less than 200

Equipment required: siphon pot, grinder, heating tools (alcohol lamp, gas stove, halogen lamp, etc.)

There are many ways to brew coffee with a siphon pot. There seems to be no one or organization that has a written rule about the best and most standard way. The following coffee brewing process is my own method:

1: First, add cold water, preferably purified water, to the lower part of the siphon pot, and then wipe off the water droplets on the bottom and surface of the pot to prevent it from bursting during heating.

2: Put the filter cloth in the upper pot, pull out the small iron hook at the bottom of the filter cloth and hook it on the tube mouth, then place the upper seat on the lower seat. Be careful not to insert it vertically, but place it at an angle.

【 Note: The spring under the middle filter should be tightened, the hook should be hooked, and pulled to the center】

3: Add coffee powder to the cup on the siphon pot. Add the corresponding coffee powder standard according to the number of cups of coffee to be brewed (refer to the coffee powder dosage standard for siphon pot)

[You can also wait until the water has completely risen to the upper pot, and then pour in the coffee powder after the bubbles rising to the upper pot have decreased a little. This is fine.]

4: Light the alcohol lamp and place it on the bottom of the lower pot. It is best to adjust the height of the alcohol cotton before lighting it so that the outer flame can be used for heating. Secondly, observe the lower pot. When there are many bubbles, pay attention to the large bubbles, which means it is about to boil. Insert it vertically into the upper pot and secure it firmly.

5: When the water is completely boiled, straighten the upper cup and insert it vertically into the lower cup, so that the upper cup and the lower cup are seamlessly connected. Due to the temperature and air pressure of the lower cup, the hot water in the lower cup moves upward until more than 95% of the water enters the upper cup (there will always be some water residue in the lower cup of the siphon pot), and the heating state of the alcohol lamp remains unchanged; at this time, the heating center of gravity of the alcohol lamp can be properly adjusted to slightly deviate from the bottom of the lower cup of the siphon pot (mainly to prevent overheating and the occurrence of the cup body bursting due to lack of water in the lower cup of the siphon pot)

6: Coffee liquid extraction: The entire cycle of coffee liquid from mixing to extraction and reflux is within 1 minute; when more than 1/3 of the water in the lower cup has entered the upper cup, you can slightly move away the fire to reduce the fire, and then stir the coffee powder from the outside to the middle in a clockwise direction. This process lasts for 10 seconds to ensure that all the coffee powder is immersed in the water; then start timing, and after 45 seconds (this process is usually called steaming), start stirring the coffee liquid again in a counterclockwise direction with a stirring stick for 5 seconds;

7: Turn off the fire after 55 seconds, then quickly remove the alcohol lamp and extinguish the fire, the coffee liquid will begin to flow back from the upper cup to the lower cup; stir it slightly, and then wait for it to cool naturally and let the coffee in the upper pot flow down;

Or during the reflux of coffee liquid, if you use a wet cloth to wipe the lower cup of the siphon pot, it can speed up the cooling of the lower cup, reduce the temperature pressure of the lower cup, and speed up the reflux of the upper cup of coffee liquid to the lower cup.

8: Then remove the upper pot. Do not pull it out vertically when removing it, as it will not be pulled out. You can loosen it by slightly rotating it and shaking it left and right, making it easier to take off.

■Belgian pot/Balancing Syphon pot: The principle of the Belgian pot is the same as that of the siphon pot, which also uses the principle of thermal siphon to extract coffee. At the same time, the lever principle is also cleverly used. The pot body is divided into two parts, which we will call the heating kettle and the extraction kettle for the time being. Pour the ground coffee powder (the coarseness is the same as the siphon pot) into the extraction kettle, and heat the heating kettle with an alcohol lamp. When the water is close to boiling, bubbles will be generated and the water will be pressed into the extraction kettle to soak the coffee powder. After almost all the water is pressed into the extraction kettle, the body of the heating kettle becomes lighter and tilts up through the lever principle. At this time, the cap of the alcohol lamp is automatically closed, the heating kettle begins to cool down, and the coffee liquid in the extraction kettle flows back to the heating kettle. In this way, the coffee is ready. Making coffee with a Belgian pot is a very ornamental method. To put it simply, it makes people feel high-end, atmospheric and classy.

Difficulty level:★

Playability index: ★★

Flavor acquisition: ★★★

Minimum price: less than 600

Equipment needed: Belgian pot, grinder

■ French press: The French press method requires a glass or porcelain container and a wire mesh. In order to make the taste better, you'd better heat the container first, put in an appropriate amount of coarsely ground coffee powder, add 85~95 degree hot water to soak for 3~5 minutes, stir slowly, and then enjoy the fun.

Difficulty: ★★

Playability index: ★★★

Flavor acquisition: ★★★☆

Minimum price: less than 100

Equipment needed: coffee beans, French press, coffee spoon, grinder, timer, cup

What you need to do: (For 2 people, 20g coffee beans)

1. Boil water. Grind beans when water is boiling.

2. Coffee beans, ground.

3. Preheat the French press with water. Pour out the water.

4. Pour the coffee powder into the French press.

5. Pour hot water (about 93°C) into the French press until it reaches the capacity marked on the body of the press and start timing.

6. Cover the French press with the lid, place the filter at the highest position, and wait for 3 minutes.

7. When the time is up, press the filter to the bottom.

8. Pour all the coffee into the cup.

9. Enjoy a good cup of coffee.

■Clever Coffee Dripper: Clever Coffee Dripper is a very interesting device invented by Taiwan's EK Int'l Company. It is a product produced by combining hand-pour and French press. Compared with hand-pour drip cup, Clever Coffee Dripper is more convenient to use and more suitable for home users. The method of use (for reference only) is to put the filter paper into the Clever Coffee Dripper, pour in 85~95℃ hot water to preheat the cup, then pour out the waste water, pour the ground coffee powder of the same coarseness as hand-pour, pour in the hot water at a ratio of 1:12~15, stir evenly and let it stand. This process takes about 2 minutes. Then put the Clever Coffee Dripper on the coffee cup, and the coffee liquid will automatically flow out, so a cup of fragrant coffee is ready. In addition: Clever Coffee Dripper can also be used as a hand-pour drip cup.

Difficulty level: ★★★

Playability index: ★★★☆

Flavor acquisition: ★★★☆

Minimum price: less than 150

Equipment required: Smart cup, grinder

Working principle:

Simply put, the circle in the middle is a movable part, which is usually in a submerged state (with four legs underneath, keeping it suspended in the air), and the piston firmly blocks the water flow; when placed on a cup or a cute pot, the movable part is pushed up and the water can flow down.

Steps to make coffee:

Step 1: Wet the filter paper with hot water to wash away impurities and taste.

Step 2: Add coffee powder and water. Steam it.

Step 3: Time ticks away for a while (about 45 seconds), and you continue pouring water.

Step 4: Stir a few times to enhance the extraction.

Step 5: Cover the pot to prevent the temperature from escaping, and all that’s left is to wait.

Step 6: Place the smart cup on the coffee cup and pour the coffee.

■ Aeropress: It was officially released by the American company AEROBIE in 2005. Its structure is similar to a syringe. When using it, put ground coffee and hot water in its "syringe", then press the push rod, and the coffee will flow into the container through the filter paper. It combines the immersion extraction method of the French filter press, the filter paper filtration of the blister (hand-brewed) coffee, and the fast, pressurized extraction principle of Italian coffee. By changing the size of the coffee grounds and the pressing speed, users can brew different flavors according to their preferences. In addition to being fast, convenient, and effective, its cleaning and maintenance methods are also surprisingly simple - it only takes a few seconds to clean after use. Aeropress also has the advantages of being small and light and not easy to damage, making it quite suitable as a coffee brewing device for outdoor use.

Difficulty level: ★★★☆

Minimum price: less than 300

Equipment needed: AeroPress, grinder, thermometer

Working principle:

The pressure rod of the AeroPress moves only about ten centimeters in twenty seconds, and the action is gentle, so it can extract a richer flavor of coffee;

Due to the low water temperature and short extraction time, the manufacturer's experimental tests show that the acidity of coffee extracted with the "AeroPress" is one-fifth of that of drip coffee. For many coffee drinkers, the taste is more comfortable.

Instructions for use:

1. Remove the pressure rod and powder bowl from the filter cartridge:

2. Place a piece of filter paper at the bottom of the powder bowl, and then buckle the powder bowl into the filter cartridge (350 pieces of filter paper are included with the device):

3. Place the filter cartridge on the coffee cup (note that the cup should be slightly larger and heavier to prevent tipping):

4. Add two spoons of coffee powder:

5. Slowly pour in hot water at about 80 degrees, until the water level reaches mark 2:

6. Stir with a stirring stick for about 10 seconds:

7. Soak the rubber ring of the pressure rod and insert it into the filter cartridge, press it down half a centimeter (0.6 cm), and then maintain the pressure, allowing the pressure rod to reach the coffee particles at the bottom within 20 to 30 seconds. Note: Pressure is the key to extracting satisfactory coffee:

8. A double shot of espresso is ready. Add hot water and it becomes Americano; add hot milk and it becomes latte. How about that? Easy, right?

9. Cleaning: Remove the powder bowl, push the lever, and eject the coffee "powder cake":

10. Rinse the rubber ring on the pressure rod head with water and wipe off the coffee grounds and water stains.

■ American drip coffee maker (electric coffee maker): Electric coffee maker, simple structure, a device to boil water, then the hot water drips directly through the filter containing coffee. Because of the fast flow rate, the taste is light, and the water temperature is too high, it is easy to cause over-extraction of coffee. Automatic drip coffee maker can brew moderate-flavored coffee without oil stains and sediment. Please choose a drip coffee maker with a minimum power of 1000 watts. Coffee pot is a good coffee maker. In addition, remember to grind the coffee beans according to the shape of the filter; conical filter filter is suitable for medium-ground coffee beans, and flat bottom transition filter is suitable for fine-ground coffee beans.

Minimum price: less than 500

Equipment required: American drip machine, grinder

■Capsule coffee machine: The so-called capsule coffee machine is a plastic capsule that is pre-filled with coffee powder by the manufacturer, and then filled with nitrogen to preserve freshness. When we drink coffee, we only need to put the capsule into a special machine, and we can quickly drink a cup of fragrant coffee. Capsule coffee machine is a kind of Italian coffee machine, which makes the operation of extracting coffee simpler and more convenient. When operating the machine, first open the handle on the top of the machine, then put the coffee capsule into the capsule compartment on the top, and then close the handle to extract coffee with one button. Compared with the semi-automatic coffee machine using coffee powder, it is very easy to operate and suitable for home and office use. However, capsule machines can never be used as professional business machines. The taste and freshness are still somewhat different from commercial coffee machines.

Minimum price: less than 1000

Equipment needed: Capsule coffee machine

Partial source: Nantian Coffee

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